CITRIC ACID is a source of hydrogen ions (H+) used to reduce the pH of a drilling fluid. Both liquid and powdered.
| PRODUCT NAME | : | CITRIC ACID |
| CAS number | : | 77-92-9 |
| UN number | : | |
| Formula | : | C6H8O7 |
| Odour | : | ODOURLESS |
| Soluble in water | : | APPRECIABLE |
| Density | : | 1.5 at |
| Boiling point | : | oC |
| Melting point | : | |
| Viscosity | : | |
| Flashpoint | : | |
| Explosive limits | : | |
| Vapour pressure | : | |
| Skin absorption/irritation | : | YES |
| TLV Country | : | |
| Pollution category 1994 | : | D |
Uses
CITRIC ACID is primarily used as a pH buffer, a low solids, non-dispersed, low pH drilling fluid.
Benefits
CITRIC ACID is primarily used to quickly reduce the pH in drilling fluid. One of the benefits of using Citric Acid is that it forms Sodium Citrate in the presence of Sodium based polymers such as DMA and OMNIPOL II. Sodium Citrate acts as a dispersant in water based fluids, helping to control the rheology. A third benefit of CITRIC ACID is the reduced hazard to personnel when compared to other acids normally used in drilling applications. CITRIC ACID will not reduce hardness levels in drilling fluids as will phosphoric acid.
Treatment
CITRIC ACID is added through the hopper when using the dry material, and added directly to the drilling fluid when using the liquid. A diaphragm-
metering pump may be utilized with the liquid for continuous
pH control.
Treatment levels vary with the concentration of salts, particularly hydrogen (H+) and hydroxide (OH- ).
Function
CITRIC ACID provides a layer of hydrogen ions around active clays, reducing their zeta potential and thus reducing their ability to imbibe water. This function translates to fewer solids, less swelling of the solids in the drilling fluid, reduced wellbore swelling, and more efficient solids control equipment function. A secondary benefit of CITRIC ACID is the formation of sodium citrate, a thinner. This helps counteract the flocculating influence of the hydrogen ions on first being introduced to the drilling fluid system.
Typical Physical Properties
Physical Appearance………White Powder or clear liquid
Specific Gravity……………..1.542
Bulk Density…………………63 lb/ft³
Hygroscopic…………………slightly
pH in water………………….1.87
Safe Handling Recommendations
Utilize normal precautions for employee protection when handling chemical products. Use of appropriate respirator, gloves, goggles, and apron is recommended for employee comfort and protection. See Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product prior to use.
Packaging
CITRIC ACID is packaged in 25 kgs multi-wall bags.
Citric Acid in 25 kg bags
| Application: | Additive for drilling and work over fluids for iron sequestration |
| Scientific name: | Citric Acid (anhydrous) |
| Appearance: | Free flowing white solid crystalline powder |
| Safety, hazard: | Non-combustible, toxic fumes |
| Environmental, hazard: | Insignificant. Toxic to aquatic life |
| Waste disposal procedures: | At controlled landfill site |
| Form of supply: | 25 kg bags |
| Product Name | Citric Acid |
| Part Number | RXSOL-19-1276-025 |
Company Details:
RX MARINE INTERNATIONAL
105, A wing , BSEL , TECH PARK.
VASHI ,NEW BOMBAY 400703 INDIA
Branch : Kandla, Mumbai , Chennai, Vizag, Kolkata, UAE , OMAN , CANADA and KENYA
| Phone | +91 22 20871200 - 1400 |
| Fax | +91 22 27612100 :::AOH :0091 9821214367 |
| mail@rxmarine.com | |
| Website | www.rxmarine.com |
| Chemical Name | CAS | EC .NO | Weight | Formula |
| Citric Acid | 77-92-9 | 201-069-1 | = 100 % | C6H8O7 |
| Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 | Eye irritation (Category 2), H319 Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), Respiratory system, H335 |
| Signal Word | Warning |
| Storage | Store locked up. |
| Hazard Statements |
H319 Causes serious eye irritation. H335 May cause respiratory irritation. |
| Precautionary statements - response |
P261 Avoid breathing dust. P264 Wash skin thoroughly after handling. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P280 Wear eye protection/ face protection. P304 + P340 + P312 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Call a POISON CENTER/ doctor if you feel unwell. P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
| Response | IF exposed or concerned: Get medical attention. |
| Disposal | Dispose of contents and container in accordance with all local, regional, national and international regulations. |
| Prevention | P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Supplemental Hazard Statements | None |
| Other hazards | This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) at levels of 0.1% or higher. |
| General advice | Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. |
| If inhaled | After inhalation: fresh air. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse out with plenty of water. Call in ophthalmologist. Remove contact lenses. |
| Swallowed | Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). Consult a physician. |
| Skin Contact | In case of skin contact: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/ shower. |
| Inhalation | Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. If not breathing, if breathing is irregular or if respiratory arrest occurs, provide artificial respiration or oxygen by trained personnel. It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Get medical attention. If unconscious, place in recovery position and get medical attention immediately. Maintain an open airway. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. |
| Ingestion | Wash out mouth with water. Remove dentures if any. Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. If material has been swallowed and the exposed person is conscious, give small quantities of water to drink. Stop if the exposed person feels sick as vomiting may be dangerous. Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. If vomiting occurs, the head should be kept low so that vomit does not enter the lungs. Get medical attention. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If unconscious, place in recovery position and get medical attention immediately. Maintain an open airway. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. |
| Notes to Physician | Treat symptomatically |
| Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delaye | The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2.2) and/or in section 11 |
| Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed | No data available |
| Extinguishing media | Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxid. |
| Flammability | May be combustible at high temperature. |
| Flash Point | CLOSED CUP: Higher than 93.3°C (200°F). |
| Suitable extinguishing media | Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder |
| Unsuitable extinguishing media | For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given. |
| Specific hazards arising from the chemical | In a fire or if heated, a pressure increase will occur and the container may burst. |
| Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture | Carbon oxides Combustible. Risk of dust explosion. Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire. |
| Further information | Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system. |
|
Hazardous combustion products |
Fire may cause the evolution of Sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides. |
| Advice for firefighters | In the event of fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus. |
| Protective Equipment | Use personal protective equipment. |
| Hazardous thermal decomposition products | No specific data |
| Special protective actions for fire-fighters | Fire-fighters should wear appropriate protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in positive pressure mode. |
| Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures | Advice for non-emergency personnel: Avoid inhalation of dusts. Avoid substance contact. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert. |
| For emergency responders | If specialised clothing is required to deal with the spillage, take note of any information in Section 8 on suitable and unsuitable materials. See also the information in "For nonemergency personnel" |
| Spillage | Oxidizing material. Stop leak if without risk. Avoid contact with a combustible material (wood, paper, oil, clothing...). Keep substance damp using water spray. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas dike if needed. Eliminate all ignition sources. Call for assistance on disposal. |
| Personal Protection | Advice for non-emergency personnel: Avoid inhalation of dusts. Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert. Advice for emergency responders: Protective equipment see section 8. |
| Enviromental Precaution | Do not let product enter drains. |
|
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning |
Cover drains. Collect, bind, and pump off spills. Observe possible material restrictions (see sections 7 and 10). Take up dry. Dispose of properly. Clean up affected area. Avoid generation of dusts. |
| Advice on safe handling | Work under hood. Do not inhale substance/mixture. |
| Advice on protection against fire and explosion | Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition.Take precautionary measures against static discharge |
| Hygiene measures | Immediately change contaminated clothing. Apply preventive skin protection. Wash hands and face after working with substance. For precautions |
| Precautions fo safe handling | For precautions see section 2.2. |
| Protective measures | Put on appropriate personal protective equipment (see Section 8). Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. Avoid exposure during pregnancy. Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing. Do not ingest. Avoid breathing vapor or mist. If during normal use the material presents a respiratory hazard, use only with adequate ventilation or wear appropriate respirator. Keep in the original container or an approved alternative made from a compatible material, kept tightly closed when not in use. Empty containers retain product residue and can be hazardous. Do not reuse container |
| Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities | Store between the following temperatures: 15 to 30°C (59 to 86°F). Store in accordance with local regulations. Store in original container protected from direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials (see Section 10) and food and drink. Store locked up. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Do not store in unlabeled containers. Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination |
| Storage conditions | Tightly closed. Dry |
| Storage class | Storage class (TRGS 510): 11: Combustible Solids |
| Specific end use(s) | Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated |
| Handling |
Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep away from combustible material.. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporate the residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, metals |
| Advice on general occupational hygiene | Advice on safe handling Observe label precautions. Change contaminated clothing. Wash hands after working with substance. |
| Exposure controls | Personal protective equipment |
| Eye/face protection | Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Safety glasses |
| Skin protection | This recommendation applies only to the product stated in the safety data sheet, supplied by us and for the designated use. When dissolving in or mixing with other substances and under conditions deviating from those stated in EN374 please contact the supplier of CE-approved gloves (e.g. KCL GmbH, D-36124 Eichenzell, Internet: www.kcl.de). Full contact Material: Nitrile rubber Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm Break through time: 480 min Material tested:KCL 741 Dermatril® L This recommendation applies only to the product stated in the safety data sheet, supplied by us and for the designated use. When dissolving in or mixing with other substances and under conditions deviating from those stated in EN374 please contact the supplier of CE-approved gloves (e.g. KCL GmbH, D-36124 Eichenzell, Internet: www.kcl.de). Splash contact Material: Nitrile rubber Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm Break through time: 480 min Material tested:KCL 741 Dermatril® L |
| Full contact Material | Nitrile rubber Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm Break through time: 480 min Material tested:Dermatril® (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size |
| Splash contact Materia | Nitrile rubber Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm Break through time: 480 min Material tested:Dermatril® (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M) data source: KCL GmbH, D-36124 Eichenzell, phone +49 (0)6659 87300, e-mail sales@kcl.de, test method: EN374 If used in solution, or mixed with other substances, and under conditions which differ from EN 374, contact the supplier of the EC approved gloves. This recommendation is advisory only and must be evaluated by an industrial hygienist and safety officer familiar with the specific situation of anticipated use by our customers. It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario. |
| Body Protection | protective clothing |
| Respiratory protection | required when dusts are generated. Our recommendations on filtering respiratory protection are based on the following standards: DIN EN 143, DIN 14387 and other accompanying standards relating to the used respiratory protection system. Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2 The entrepeneur has to ensure that maintenance, cleaning and testing of respiratory protective devices are carried out according to the instructions of the producer. These measures have to be properly documented. |
| Control of environmental exposure | Do not let product enter drains. |
| Physical state | Crystalline |
| Colour | Colorless, or, White |
| Odour | Odorless |
| Odor Threshold | Not Applicable |
| pH | 1,7 at 100 g/l at 20 °C |
| Melting Point | 153 - 159 °C |
| Boiling Point | 200 °C at 1.013 |
| Flash Point | 157 °C - closed cup |
| Evaporation Rate | Not Applicable |
| Flammability (solid, gas) | Flammable in the presence of the following materials or conditions: open flames, sparks and static discharge and heat. |
| Explosive limits | No Data Available |
| Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits | Lower explosion limit: 1,1 %(V) |
| Autoignition temperature | No data available |
| Decomposition temperature | No data available |
| Relative density | 1,67 at 20 °C |
| Vapour pressure | 0,1 hPa at 25 °C |
| Density | 1,67 g/cm3 at 20 °C |
| Vapour Density | No Data Available |
| Specific Gravity | No data available |
| Partition coefficient | -1,72 at 20 °C |
| Explosive properties | None |
| Solubility | 1.330 g/l at 20 °C |
| Ignition temperature | No information available. |
| Particle characteristics | No data available |
| Reactivity | The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures: in correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed. |
| Chemical stability | The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) . |
| Conditions to avoid | No specific data. |
| Incompatible materials | No specific data. |
| Possibility of hazardous reactions | Violent reactions possible with: Metals Oxidizing agents Bases Reducing agents |
| Hazardous Polymerization | Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products should not be produced. |
| Acute toxicity | LD50 Oral - Mouse - male and female - 5.400 mg/kg (OECD Test Guideline 401) Inhalation: No data available LD50 Dermal - Rat - male and female - > 2.000 mg/kg (OECD Test Guideline 402) |
| Skin corrosion/irritation | Skin - Rabbit Result: No skin irritation - 4 h (OECD Test Guideline 404) |
| Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Eyes - Rabbit Result: Irritating to eyes. (OECD Test Guideline 405) Remarks: (ECHA) |
| Respiratory or skin sensitization | No data available |
| Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause allergic reactions in certain sensitive individuals. |
| Rout Of Entry | Inhalation. Ingestion. |
| Toxicity to Animal | WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 689 mg/kg [Rat]. |
| Toxic Effects on Human | May cause damage to the following organs: upper respiratory tract. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, sensitizer), of ingestion, of inhalation (lung irritant, lung sensitizer). |
| Germ cell mutagenicity | Test Type: Ames test Test system: Salmonella typhimurium Metabolic activation: with and without metabolic activation Method: OECD Test Guideline 471 Result: negative Test Type: Mutagenicity (mammal cell test): micronucleus. Test system: Human lymphocytes Metabolic activation: without metabolic activation Method: OECD Test Guideline 487 Result: positive Test Type: Chromosome aberration test Species: Rat Cell type: Bone marrow Application Route: Oral Method: OECD Test Guideline 475 Result: negative Test Type: dominant lethal test Species: Rat |
| Reproductive toxicity | Suspected of damaging the unborn child |
| Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure | Inhalation - May cause respiratory irritation. |
| Special Remarks on other Toxi Effects on Humans: |
Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: Causes skin irritation. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reation, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Eyes: Causes eye irritation. Ingestion: Causes gastrointestinal (digestive) tract irritation with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. May be harmful if swallowed. Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation. May cause chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema, inflammation, edema of bronchi and larynx. Chronic Potential Health Effects: Repeated or prolonged skin exposure may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Repeated or prolonged exposure by inhalation may affect respiration and metabolism. |
| Additional Information | Endocrine disrupting properties |
| Assessment | The substance/mixture does not contain components considered to have endocrine disrupting properties according to REACH Article 57(f) or Commission Delegated regulation (EU) 2017/2100 or Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/605 at levels of 0.1% or higher. |
| Endocrine disrupting properties | The substance/mixture does not contain components considered to have endocrine disrupting properties according to REACH Article 57(f) or Commission Delegated regulation (EU) 2017/2100 or Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/605 at levels of 0.1% or higher. RTECS: DK2625000 burning sensation, Cough, wheezing, laryngitis, Shortness of breath, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Damage to the eyes. To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. Stomach - Irregularities - Based on Human Evidenc |
| Bioaccumulative potential | NA |
| Toxicity to fish | LC50 - Leuciscus idus (Golden orfe) - 440 - 760 mg/l - 96 h Remarks: (IUCLID) |
| Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates |
static test EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 870 mg/l - 48 h
(OECD Test Guideline 202)
|
| Toxicity to algae | static test NOEC - Scenedesmus quadricauda (Green algae) - 425 mg/l - 8 h Remarks: (ECHA) (citric acid) |
| Eco Toxicity | Not Available |
| COD and BOD 5 | Not Available |
| Products Biodegradation: | The methods for determining the biological degradability are not applicable to inorganic substances. |
| Mobility in soil | No Information available |
| Results of PBT and vPvB assessment |
This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent,
bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) at
levels of 0.1% or higher.
|
| Endocrine disrupting properties | The substance/mixture does not contain components considered to have endocrine disrupting properties according to REACH Article 57(f) or Commission Delegated regulation (EU) 2017/2100 or Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/605 at levels of 0.1% or higher |
| Assessment | The substance/mixture does not contain components considered to have endocrine disrupting properties according to REACH Article 57(f) or Commission Delegated regulation (EU) 2017/2100 or Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/605 at levels of 0.1% or higher. |
| Other adverse effects | No data available |
| Toxicity to bacteria | static test NOEC - Scenedesmus quadricauda (Green algae) - 425 mg/l - 8 h Remarks: (ECHA) (citric acid) |
| Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic | NOEC - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 10 mg/l - 21 d(OECD Test Guideline 202) |
| Persistence and degradability |
aerobic - Exposure time 4 d
Result: > 90 % - Inherently biodegradable.
(Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, Annex, C.9)
|
| Disposal methods | The generation of waste should be avoided or minimized wherever possible. Disposal of this product, solutions and any by-products should at all times comply with the requirements of environmental protection and waste disposal legislation and any regional local authority requirements. Dispose of surplus and non-recyclable products via a licensed waste disposal contractor. Waste should not be disposed of untreated to the sewer unless fully compliant with the requirements of all authorities with jurisdiction. Waste packaging should be recycled. Incineration or landfill should only be considered when recycling is not feasible. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. Care should be taken when handling emptied containers that have not been cleaned or rinsed out. Empty containers or liners may retain some product residues. Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers. |
| Contaminated packaging | Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials. |
| Waste treatment Method | See www.retrologistik.com for processes regarding the return of chemicals and containers, or contact us there if you have further questions. |
| UN number |
ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IMDG: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IATA: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) |
| UN proper shipping name |
ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IMDG: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IATA: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) |
| Transport hazard class(es) |
ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IMDG: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IATA: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) |
| Packaging group |
ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IMDG: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) IATA: Not dangerous goods. (For reference only, please check.) |
| Environmental hazards |
ADR/RID: No IMDG: No IATA: No |
| Special precautions for user | NA |
| Further information | Not classified as dangerous in the meaning of transport regulations. |
| Transport in bulk according to IMOinstruments | No data available |
| U.S. Federal regulations | TSCA 8(a) CDR Exempt/Partial exemption: Not determined United States inventory (TSCA 8b): All components are listed or exempted. |
| Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture | This material safety data sheet complies with the requirements of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 |
| Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question | European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) -Listed.EC Inventory Listed. United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory- Listed. China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 Not- Listed. New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC)Listed. PICCS -Listed. Vietnam National Chemical Inventory -Listed. IECSC Listed. Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) -Listed. |
| National legislation | Seveso III: Directive 2012/18/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances. : ACUTE TOXIC : ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS |
| DSCL (EEC) | R8- Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R20/22- Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R36/37/38- Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R42/43- May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. S22- Do not breathe dust. S24- Avoid contact with skin. S26- In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S37- Wear suitable gloves. |
| Other regulations | Take note of Dir 94/33/EC on the protection of young people at work |
| Chemical Safety Assessment | A Chemical Safety Assessment has been carried out for this substance. |
| Other Information |
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and weassume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information for their particular purposes. In no event shall be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if Rx Marine International has been advised of the possibility of such damages. |