It has a high electrical conductivity ( measures a material's ability to conduct an electric current ) , caused by dissociation through protonating itself, a process known as autoprotolysis
Led - ACID Battery Grade concentration,
Iorn content -less then 10 PPM
Chloride - Nil
Batteries Liquid (Electrolyte) for vehicle
MECHANISM OF OUR PURE BATTERY ACID : ( PURITY OF MATERIALS PLAYS THESE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION ) ----
CREATION :
A traditional lead-acid cell, when created, has both of its terminals connected to plates of an identical material: lead. This is a little counterintuitive given that most batteries rely on different metals' potential when immersed in an electrolyte. Since there is no potential between the plates themselves, and because lead is not dissolved by sulfuric acid, the cell is stable. The created battery has no charge, and no polarity.
Anode Reaction: None.
Cathode Reaction: None.
INITIAL CHARGE :
Initial charging establishes which plate will be the anode, and which the cathode. The process is driven by the forcible removal of electrons from the cathode and the forcible introduction of them to the cathode. This splits the water into Hydrogen (which bubbles and is drawn off) and Oxygen, which binds with the lead on the cathode, producing lead (II) oxide.
Anode Reaction: 2H+(aq) + 2e− → H2(g)Cathode Reaction: Pb(s) + 2H2O(l) → PbO2(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2e−
DISCHARGE :
During discharge, both plates are again returned to equal composition, but this time both plates become lead sulfate. The process is driven by the conduction of electrons from the cathode back into the cell at the anode.
-
Anode Reaction: Pb(s) + HSO−
4(aq) → PbSO4(s) + H+(aq) + 2e− -
Cathode Reaction: PbO2(s) + HSO−
4(aq) + 3H+(aq) + 2e− → PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l)
RECHARGING :
Subsequent charging places the battery back in its charged state, changing the lead sulfates into lead and lead oxides. The process is driven by the forcible removal of electrons from the anode and the forcible introduction of them to the cathode.
-
Anode Reaction: PbSO4(s) + H+(aq) + 2e− → Pb(s) + HSO−
4(aq) -
Cathode Reaction: PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) → PbO2(s) + HSO−
4(aq) + 3H+(aq) + 2e−
Depends up on ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION rate .
Measuring the charge level
A hydrometer can be used to test the specific gravity of each cell as a measure of its state of charge. Because the electrolyte takes part in the charge-discharge reaction, this battery has one major advantage over other chemistries. It is relatively simple to determine the state of charge by merely measuring the specifice gravity ( S.G) of the electrolyte, the S.G. falling as the battery discharges. Some battery designs include a simple hydrometer using colored floating balls of differing density , When used in diesel-electric submarines , the S.G. was regularly measured and written on a blackboard in the control room to indicate how much longer the boat could remain submerged.
PRECAUTION / LIMITATION / SOLUTION :
Lead-acid batteries lose the ability to hold a charge when discharged for too long due to sulfation, the crystallization of lead sulfate . They generate electricity through a double sulfate chemical reaction. lead and lead ( IV ) oxide, which are the active materials on the battery's plates, react with BATTERY ACID in the electrolyte to form lead sulfate . The lead sulfate first forms in a finely divided, amorphous state, and easily reverts to lead, lead oxide and sulfuric acid when the battery recharges. As batteries cycle through numerous discharge and charges, the lead sulfate slowly converts to a stable crystalline form that no longer dissolves on recharging. Thus, not all the lead is returned to the battery plates, and the amount of usable active material necessary for electricity generation declines over time.
Sulfation occurs in all lead-acid batteries during normal operation. It clogs the grids, impedes recharging and ultimately expands, cracking the plates and destroying the battery. In addition, the sulfate portion (of the lead sulfate) is not returned to the electrolyte as sulfuric acid. The large crystals physically block the electrolyte from entering the pores of the plates. Sulfation can be avoided if the battery is fully recharged immediately after a discharge cycle.
Sulfation also affects the charging cycle, resulting in longer charging times, less efficient and incomplete charging, and higher battery temperatures.
The process can often be at least partially prevented and/or reversed by a desulfation technique called pulse conditioning, in which short but powerful current surges are repeatedly sent through the damaged battery. Over time, this procedure tends to break down and dissolve the sulfate crystals, restoring some capacity.
Higher temperature speeds both desulfation and sulfation, although too much heat damages the battery by accelerating corrosion
Presence of CHLORIDE and other impurities in solution immediately damage ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION of BATTERY , which may result poor performance.
Do not handle this materials without MSDS.
| Product Name | Battery Acid 25 LTR |
| Part Number | RXSOL-15-1103-025 |
Company Details:
RX MARINE INTERNATIONAL
105, A wing , BSEL , TECH PARK.
VASHI ,NEW BOMBAY 400703 INDIA
Branch : Kandla, Mumbai , Chennai, Vizag, Kolkata, UAE , OMAN , CANADA and KENYA
| Phone | +91 22 20871200 - 1400 |
| Fax | +91 22 27612100 :::AOH :0091 9821214367 |
| mail@rxmarine.com | |
| Website | www.rxmraine.com |
Substances
| Formula | H2O4S |
| Molecular weight | 98,08 g/mol |
| CAS-No. | 7664-93-9 |
| EC-No. | 231-639-5 |
| Index-No. | 016-020-00-8 |
| Component | Classification | Concentration |
| Sulphuric acid | ||
|
CAS-No. 7664-93-9
EC-No. 231-639-5
Index-No. 016-020-00-8
|
Met. Corr. 1; Skin Corr.
1A; Eye Dam. 1; H290,
H314, H318
Concentration limits:
>= 15 %: Skin Corr. 1A,
H314; 5 - 15 %: Skin
Irrit. 2, H315; 5 - 15 %:
Eye Irrit. 2, H319; >= 0,3
%: Met. Corr. 1, H290;
|
= 25-30 % |
Classification of the substance or mixture
| Corrosive to Metals, (Category 1) |
H290: May be corrosive to metals.
|
| Skin corrosion, (Sub-category 1A) | H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. |
| Serious eye damage, (Category 1) | H318: Causes serious eye damage. |
Label elements
| Signal Word | Danger |
| Hazard statement |
H290 May be corrosive to metals.
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
|
| Precautionary statement |
P234 Keep only in original packaging.
P280 Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing/ eye protection/ face protection.
P303 + P361 + P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water.
P304 + P340 + P310 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER/ doctor.
P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
|
| Supplemental Hazard Statements | None |
| Reduced Labeling (= 125 ml) | |
| Signal Word | Danger |
| Hazard Statements | H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. |
| Precautionary Statements |
P280 Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing/ eye protection/ face protection.
P303 + P361 + P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water.
P304 + P340 + P310 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER/ doctor.
P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
|
| Supplemental Hazard Statements | None |
| Other hazards |
This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) at levels of 0.1% or higher.
Ecological information:
The substance/mixture does not contain components considered to have endocrine disrupting properties according to REACH Article 57(f) or Commission Delegated regulation (EU) 2017/2100 or Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/605 at levels of 0.1% or higher.
Toxicological information:
The substance/mixture does not contain components considered to have endocrine disrupting properties according to REACH Article 57(f) or Commission Delegated regulation (EU) 2017/2100 or Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/605 at levels of 0.1% or higher.
|
| General Advice | First aiders need to protect themselves. Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. |
| If inhaled | After inhalation: fresh air. Call in physician. |
| In case of skin contact | In case of skin contact: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/ shower. Call a physician immediately. |
| In case of eye contact | After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water. Immediately call in ophthalmologist. Remove contact lenses. |
| If swallowed | After swallowing: make victim drink water (two glasses at most), avoid vomiting (risk of perforation). Call a physician immediately. Do not attempt to neutralise. |
| Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed | The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2.2) and/or in section 11 |
| Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed | No data available |
| Suitable extinguishing media | Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment. |
| Unsuitable extinguishing media | For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given. |
| Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture |
Sulfur oxides
Not combustible.
Ambient fire may liberate hazardous vapours.
|
| Advice for firefighters | Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus. Prevent skin contact by keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing |
| Further information | Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet. Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system. |
| Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures |
Advice for non-emergency personnel: Do not breathe vapors, aerosols. Avoid substance contact. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.
For personal protection see section 8.
|
| Environmental precautions | Do not let product enter drains. |
| Methods and material for containment and cleaning up | Cover drains. Collect, bind, and pump off spills. Observe possible material restrictions (see sections 7 and 10). Take up with liquid-absorbent and neutralising material (e.g. Chemizorb® H⁺, Merck Art. No. 101595). Dispose of properly. Clean up affected area. |
| Reference to other sections | For disposal see section 13. |
| Precautions for safe handling | For precautions see section 2.2. |
| Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities |
|
| Storage conditions |
No metal containers.
Tightly closed.
|
| Storage class | Storage class (TRGS 510): 8B: Non-combustible, corrosive hazardous materials |
| Specific end use(s) | Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated |
| Eye/face protection | Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Tightly fitting safety goggles |
| Skin protection |
This recommendation applies only to the product stated in the safety data sheet, supplied by us and for the designated use. When dissolving in or mixing with other substances and under conditions deviating from those stated in EN 16523-1.
This recommendation applies only to the product stated in the safety data sheet, supplied by us and for the designated use. When dissolving in or mixing with other substances and under conditions deviating from those stated in EN 16523-1.
Splash contact
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 120 min
|
| Body Protection |
Acid-resistant protective clothing
|
| Respiratory protection | Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2 The entrepeneur has to ensure that maintenance, cleaning and testing of respiratory protective devices are carried out according to the instructions of the producer. These measures have to be properly documented. |
| Control of environmental exposure | Do not let product enter drains. |
| Physical state | Clear, liquid |
| Color | Colorless |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Melting point/freezing point | Melting point: 10,31 °C |
| Initial boiling point and boiling range | 290 °C - lit. |
| Flammability (solid, gas) | No data available |
| Flammability or explosive limits | No data available |
| Flash point | No data available |
| Autoignition temperature | No data available |
| Decomposition temperature | No data available |
| pH | 1,2 at 5 g/l |
| Viscosity |
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 23 mPa.s at 20 °C
|
| Water solubility |
Soluble
|
| Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water | Not applicable for inorganic substances |
| Vapor pressure | 1,33 hPa at 145,8 °C |
| Density | 1.20-1.30 g/ml at 25 °C - lit. |
| Relative density | No data available |
| Relative vapor density | No data available |
| Particle characteristics | No data available |
| Explosive properties | No data available |
| Oxidizing properties | None |
| Other safety information | |
| Surface tension | 55,1 mN/m at 20 °C |
| Relative vapor density | 3,39 - (Air = 1.0) |
| Reactivity |
No data available
|
| Chemical stability | The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) |
| Possibility of hazardous reactions |
A risk of explosion and/or of toxic gas formation exists with the following substances:
Water
Alkali metals
alkali compounds
Ammonia
Aldehydes
acetonitrile
Alkaline earth metals
alkalines
Acids
alkaline earth compounds
Metals
metal alloys
Oxides of phosphorus
phosphorus
hydrides
halogen-halogen compounds
oxyhalogenic compounds
permanganates
nitrates
carbides
combustible substances
organic solvent
acetylidene
Nitriles
organic nitro compounds
anilines
Peroxides
picrates
nitrides
lithium silicide
iron(III) compounds
bromates
chlorates
Amines
perchlorates
hydrogen peroxide
|
| Conditions to avoid | No information available |
| Incompatible materials | Animal/vegetable tissuesContact with metals liberates hydrogen gas. |
| Hazardous decomposition products | In the event of fire: see section 5 |
| Acute toxicity |
LD50 Oral - Rat - male and female - 2.140 mg/kg
Remarks: (ECHA)
Inhalation: No data available
Dermal: No data available
|
| Skin corrosion/irritation |
Skin - Rabbit
Result: Extremely corrosive and destructive to tissue.
Remarks: (IUCLID)
|
| Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Remarks: Causes serious eye damage. |
| Respiratory or skin sensitization | No data available |
| Germ cell mutagenicity |
Test Type: Ames test
Test system: Salmonella typhimurium
Result: negative
Remarks: (HSDB)
|
| Carcinogenicity | No data available |
| Reproductive toxicity |
No data available
|
| Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure | No data available |
| Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure | No data available |
| Aspiration hazard | No data available |
| Additional Information |
|
| Endocrine disrupting properties Product | |
| Assessment |
The substance/mixture does not contain components considered to have endocrine disrupting properties according to REACH Article 57(f) or Commission Delegated regulation (EU) 2017/2100 or Commission Regulation (EU)
2018/605 at levels of 0.1% or higher.
RTECS: WS5600000
Material is extremely destructive to tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin., spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx, spasm, inflammation and edema of the bronchi, pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, burning sensation, Cough, wheezing, laryngitis, Shortness of breath, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Pulmonary edema.
Effects may be delayed.
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
After inhalation of aerosols: damage to the affected mucous membranes. After skin contact: severe burns with formation of scabs. After eye contact: burns, corneal lesions.
After swallowing: severe pain (risk of perforation!), nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.
After a latency period of several weeks possibly pyloric stenosis.
Other dangerous properties can not be excluded.
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
|
| Toxicity | |
|
Toxicity to daphnia
and other aquatic
invertebrates
|
Static test EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - > 100 mg/l - 48 h
(OECD Test Guideline 202)
|
| Toxicity to algae |
Static test ErC50 - Desmodesmus subspicatus (green algae) - > 100
mg/l - 72 h
(OECD Test Guideline 201)
|
| Persistence and degradability | The methods for determining the biological degradability are not applicable to inorganic substances. |
| Bioaccumulative potential | No data available |
| Mobility in soil | No data available |
| Results of PBT and vPvB assessment | This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) at levels of 0.1% or higher. |
| Endocrine disrupting properties | No data available |
| Other adverse effects |
Biological effects:
Harmful effect due to pH shift.
Caustic even in diluted form.
Does not cause biological oxygen deficit.
Endangers drinking-water supplies if allowed to enter soil and/or waters in large quantities.
Neutralisation possible in waste water treatment plants.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
|
| Waste Treatment Methods | No data available |
| UN number | ADR/RID: 1830 IMDG: 1830 IATA: 1830 |
| UN proper shipping name |
ADR/RID: SULPHURIC ACID
IMDG: SULPHURIC ACID
IATA: Sulphuric acid
|
| Transport hazard class(es) | ADR/RID: 8 IMDG: 8 IATA: 8 |
| Packaging group | ADR/RID: II IMDG: II IATA: II |
| Environmental hazards | ADR/RID: No IMDG Marine pollutant: No IATA: No |
| Special precautions for user | |
| Tunnel restriction code | (E) |
| Further information | No data available |
| Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture | This material safety data sheet complies with the requirements of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006. |
|
Authorisations and/or restrictions on use
Regulation (EU) 2019/1148 on the marketing
and use of explosives precursors
|
Sulphuric acid |
| Other regulations | Take note of Dir 94/33/EC on the protection of young people at work. |
| Chemical Safety Assessment | A Chemical Safety Assessment has been carried out for this substance. |
| Other Information |
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and weassume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information for their particular purposes. In no event shall be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if Rx Marine International has been advised of the possibility of such damages. |