Technical Bulletin
41. Product- SurTec® 199 Highly Alkaline Cleaner
Properties
- highly alkaline liquid
- free of cyanide, silicate and surfactants
- very good conductivity
- free of hard complexing agents
- in combination with SurTec 089 recyclable via membrane filtration or oil separator
- emulsifying in combination with SurTec 415
- sprayable in combination with SurTec 084 or SurTec 086
- suited for steel, iron, cast, zinc die cast, copper and other nonferrous metals
Application
In combination with surfactants, SurTec 199 is suited for the cleaning in immersion, ultrasonic and spray application. It is also used for electrolytical cleaning, including polarity reversal. Prepare the make-up with cold water, because the solution will heat up.
Examples in combination with SurTec 089 (immersion with or without ultrasonic):
| make-up values: | degreasing | dephosphating |
|
SurTec 089 SurTec 199 |
0.1-1 %vol 2 – 7 %vol |
0.1-1 %vol 5 – 10 %vol |
| temperature: | 50-80°C | 50-80°C |
| application time: | 2-10 min | 5-30 min |
Examples in combination with SurTec 084 or SurTec 086:
| make-up values: | spray degreasing | dephosphating(e.g. in tumbling lines) |
|
SurTec 084 or SurTec 086 SurTec 199 |
0.1-1 %vol 2 – 5 %vol |
0.1-1 %vol 5 – 10 %vol |
| temperature: | 50-80°C | 50-80°C |
| application time: | 2-10 min | 5-30 min |
Example for the application in electrolytical degreasing:
|
make-up value: SurTec 199 |
degreasing with or without polarity reversal(e.g. for cleaning of printing cylinders) 10-15 %vol |
| temperature: | 20-70°C |
| application time: | 1-5 min |
Technical Specification
| (at 20°C) | Appearance | Density (g/ml) | pH-value (at 10 g/l) |
| SurTec 199 | liquid, light yellow to brownish, clear | 1.340 (1.32-1.36) | approx. 12.4 |
Maintenance and Analysis
Analyse and adjust the concentration of SurTec 199 regularly.
Sample Preparation
Take a sample at a homogeneously mixed position. Let it cool down to room temperature. If the sample is turbid, let the turbidity settle down and decant or filter the solution.
SurTec 199 – Analysis by Titration
| reagents: |
1 N hydrochloric or sulfuric acid indicator: bromophenol blue |
| procedure: |
1. Pipette 10 ml bath sample into a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask. 2. Dilute to approx. 100 ml with deionised water. 3. Add 3 drops of indicator. 4. Titrate with 1 N acid from violet-blue to yellow. |
| calculation: | consumption in ml · 1.293 = %vol SurTec 199 |
While the running process carbonate will be formed by absorption of CO2 provided by the ambient air. In this case use the following modified analysing method:
SurTec 199 – Analysis by Titration (in case of carbonate formation)
| reagents: | 1 N hydrochloric or sulfuric acid barium chloride solution (15 %, BaCl2 · 2 H2O) indicator: phenolphthalein (0.1 g in 100 ml ethanol) |
| procedure: |
1. Pipette 10 ml bath sample into a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask. 2. Dilute to approx. 100 ml with deionised water. 3. Add 20 ml barium chloride solution. 4. Add 10 drops of indicator. 5. Titrate with 1 N acid until the red colour disappears. |
| calculation: | consumption in ml · 1.45 = %vol SurTec 199 |
SurTec 199 – Analysis per Conductivity
The concentration of SurTec 199 can be determined by conductivity. If required a graphic showing the correlation between conductivity and concentration can be provided.
Ingredients
- potassium hydroxide
- amines
- salts of organic acids
Stock Keeping
In order to prevent delays in the production process, per 1,000 l bath the following amount should be kept in stock: SurTec 199 60 kg
Product Safety and Ecology
The safety instructions and the instructions for environmental protection have to be followed in order to avoid hazards for people and environment. The Material Safety Data Sheets (according to European legislation) contain explicit details for this.
The following hazard designations and classifications into water hazard classes (WHC) have to be taken into account:
| product | hazard designation | water hazard class |
| SurTec 199 | C – Corrosive | WHC 1 |
————————————————————————————————————————————————-
42. Product- SurTec® 320 S Stabilizer(For Tin Colouring Baths)
Properties
- acidic liquid
- cresol- and benzene-free stabilizer for colouring baths based on tin sulfate
- prevents the formation of insoluble tin(IV) compounds resulting from the colouring process and by air oxidation
- exceptional throwing power
- increased colouring speed
Application
make-up values:
|
tin(II)sulfate solution (19 %) SurTec 320 S sulfuric acid |
100-120 g/l 25 g/l 18-22 g/l |
| application time: | 0.5-15 min (depending on the desired colour) |
| temperature: | 22°C (20-24°C) |
| tank material: | polypropylene (PP), glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP) or gummed steel tanks |
| heating: | required |
| cooling: | required |
| exhaust: | recommended for worker’s protection |
| filtration: | recommended, 0.1-0.5 times the total bath volume per hour; pore size: 10 μm |
Technical Specification
| (at 20°C) | Appearance | Density (g/ml) | pH-value (conc.) |
| SurTec 320 S | liquid, ruby to violet, turbid | 1.15 (1.13-1.17) | approx. 1.1 |
Maintenance and Analysis
Dose SurTec 320 S according to the tin(II)sulfate solution in the ratio 1:1 to maximum 3:1.
Ingredients
- iron salt
- organic acid
Consumption and Stock Keeping
The consumption depends heavily on the drag-out. To determine the exact amounts of drag-out, see SurTec Technical Letter 11.
The following value per m2 can be taken as estimated average consumption: SurTec 320 S 3-12 g
In order to prevent delays in the production process, per 1,000 l bath the following amount should be kept in stock: SurTec 320 S 50 kg
Product Safety and Ecology
The safety instructions and the instructions for environmental protection have to be followed in order to avoid hazards for human and environment. The Material Safety Data Sheets (according to European legislation) contain detailed information.
The following hazard designations and classifications into water hazard classes (WHC) have to be taken into account:
| product | hazard designation | water hazard class |
| SurTec 320 S | Xi – Irritant | WHC 1 |
——————————————————————————————————————————————-
43. Product- SurTec® 354 Cold Sealing
Properties
- liquid, slightly acidic
- causes very good corrosion resistance
- used for preparation as well as for replenishment
- works very economical at low temperatures, due to lower heating costs compared to hot water sealing
- stand out due to short application time
- fulfils the current quality specifications of:
– dye spot test (DIN EN 12373-4)
– loss of mass test (DIN EN 12373-7)
Application
| make-up value: | 100 ml/l (make-up in deionised water) |
| analytical value: | 80-120 ml/l |
| application time: | 0.8-1.2 min/μm |
| temperature: | 28-32°C |
| pH-value: | 5.5-5.9 |
| agitation: |
air injection for make-up preparation and replenishment The sealing reaction itself needs no air circulation. But we recommend air injection for the thoroughly mixing of the bath solution during make-up preparation or replenishment. |
| tank: | polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP) or stainless steel tanks (alloy 1.4571) |
| heating: | required |
| exhaust: | not required |
| filtration: | necessary: 0.5-1 time the total bath volume per hour, pore size: 5 μm |
| hint: |
In order to remove dragged-in suspension particles, an appropriate filter pump should be installed. Clean used tanks thoroughly before using for sealing. Prepare a new bath make-up with deionised water (max. conductivity: 100 μS/cm). |
Technical Specification
| (at 20°C) | Appearance | Density (g/ml) | pH-value (conc.) |
| SurTec 354 | liquid, green, clear | 1.039 (1.02-1.06) | 5.6 (5.4-5.8) |
Maintenance and Analysis
Sealing is one of the most sensitive processes in the whole anodising plant and therefore daily maintenance is essential. Thus, it is absolutely necessary to carry out the following instructions:
- check the pH-value daily and adjust with diluted ammonia solution or diluted acetic acid
- analyse the concentrations at least twice a week
Sample Preparation
Take a sample at a homogeneously mixed position. Let it cool down to room temperature. If the sample is turbid, let the turbidity settle down and decant or filter the solution.
SurTec 354 – Analysis by Titration
| reagents: |
0.01 mol/l EDTA solution (Titriplex III) ammonia solution (25 %, p.a.) indicator: murexide (1 %: 1 g grinded up finely with 99 g NaCl) |
| procedure: |
1. Pipette 5 ml bath sample into a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask. 2. Dilute to approx. 100 ml with deionised water. 3. Add 10 ml concentrated ammonia solution (25 %). 4. Add a spatula tip of indicator (colour changes to yellow). 5. Let react for one minute. 6. Titrate with 0.01 M EDTA until the colour turns to purple. |
| calculation: | consumption in ml · 6.47 = ml/l SurTec 354 |
Fluoride Concentration in the Cold Sealing
To ensure a proper functioning of the sealing process the concentration of free fluoride should be maintained in the range of 500-800 mg/l. If the concentration is below the desired value, adjust the content by adding SurTec 355 B Cold Sealing Additive F. Note: 1 g SurTec 355 B contains 110 mg free fluoride.
Ingredients
- nickel salts
- cobalt salts
- fluoride salts
Consumption and Stock Keeping
The consumption depends heavily on the drag-out. To determine the exact amounts of drag-out, see SurTec Technical Letter 11.
The following values per m2 can be taken as estimated average consumption: SurTec 354 35-45 ml
In order to prevent delays in the production process, per 1,000 l bath the following amount should be kept in stock: SurTec 354 200 kg
Product Safety and Ecology
The safety instructions and the instructions for environmental protection have to be followed in order to avoid hazards for people and environment. The Material Safety Data Sheets (according to European legislation) contain explicit details for this.
The following hazard designations and classifications into water hazard classes (WHC) have to be taken into account:
| product | hazard designation | water hazard class |
| SurTec 354 |
T – Toxic N – Dangerous for the environment |
WHC 3 |
——————————————————————————————————————————————-
44. Product- SurTec® 404 frostAL
Properties
- E6-etching additive
- alkaline liquid
- produces an uniform etching finish on surfaces of aluminium alloys even from start-up of the bath operation
- only very low foam formation even at high throughput
- free of nitrate, nitrite, chlorate and chloride
- good wetting and dispersing properties
- no formation of aluminium stone in case of high aluminium concentration
Application
make-up values:
SurTec 404: 35 g/l
NaOH : 50 g/l
analytical values:
aluminium 120-250 g/l
SurTec 404 30 – 45 g/l
NaOH 75 – 80 g/l
make-up: Work in aluminium until an amount of 30-45 g/l aluminium is dissolved in the etching bath.
temperature: 50-60°C
application time: 10-20 min
agitation: essential: circulation of the bath by compressed air
tank material: heatable steel tanks (alloy ST 35), stainless steel tanks
heating: required, made of alkaline resistant material
exhaust: required for worker’s protection
hint: Additional cooling will be necessary if you are operating at full capacity (workpiece flow). That can be done with steel radiators filled with cold water. This water can also be used for the rinsing baths. For best E6 finish results the temperature has to be kept constant.
Technical Specification
| (at 20°C) | Appearance | Density (g/ml) | pH-value (conc.) |
| SurTec 404 | liquid, yellowish-orange,clear to slightly turbid | 1.239 (1.23-1.26) | approx. 9.5 |
Maintenance and Analysis
Bath solution is permanently carried off by drag-out and the active substances are consumed by the etching process. Therefore analyse the concentration of sodium hydroxide, aluminium and SurTec 404 frostAL regularly by titration. If necessary replenish the bath with SurTec 404 and sodium hydroxide according to the aluminium content.
Sample Preparation
Take a sample at a homogeneously mixed position. Let it cool down to room temperature. If the sample is turbid, let the turbidity settle down and decant or filter the solution by using a blue ribbon filter. The sample must be clear and free of suspended particles.
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) und Aluminium – Analysis by Titration
| reagents: |
1 mol/l hydrochloric acid (= 1 N HCl solution) potassium fluoride solution (KF solution, 35 %) indicator: phenolphthalein solution (0.1 % in 70 % ethanol) |
| procedure: |
1. Pipette 5 ml bath sample into a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask. 2. Dilute with 100 ml deionised water and mix well. 3. Add 3-4 drops of indicator solution (the colour of the solution turns from colourless to pink). 4. Titrate with 1 mol/l hydrochloric acid to discolouration (white).= consumption A (ml) 5. Add 70 ml KF solution (colour changes to pink again). 6. Refill the burette with 1 mol/l hydrochloric acid up to zero. 7. Titrate again from pink to discolouration.= consumption B (ml) 8. For control add 5 ml potassium fluoride solution: if the solution remains colourless the titration is finished, if the colour changes to pink please keep on titrating to complete discolouration. |
| calculation: |
(consumption A in ml – 1/3 consumption B in ml) · 8 = g/l NaOH consumption B in ml · 2 = g/l aluminium |
SurTec 404 – Analysis by Titration
| reagents: |
0.1 mol/l sodium thiosulfate solution (= 0.1 N Na2S2O3 solution) 1 mol/l hydrochloric acid (= 1 N HCl solution) hydrochloric acid solution (10 %) indicator: phenolphthalein solution potassium fluoride solution (35 %): dissolve 350 g potassium fluoride (KF) in water, fill up to 1000 ml and neutralize with phenolphthalein indicator solution potassium iodide solution (10 %): dissolve 10 g potassium iodide (KI) in 100 ml of deionised water sodium periodate solution: dissolve 4.4 g sodium periodate (NaIO4) in 200 ml 0.05 mol/l (1 N) sulfuric acid and fill up with deionised water to 1000 ml starch solution: add 2 g starch to 100 ml water and boil 10 minutes |
| procedure: |
1. Pipette 10 ml bath sample into a 100 ml volumetric flask. 2. Fill up with deionised water and mix the solution thoroughly. 3. Transfer 5 ml of this dilution into a 300 ml flat-bottomed flask with grounded glass stopper. 4. Add 50 ml deionised water. 5. Add some drops of indicator solution. 6. Add 15 ml potassium fluoride solution. 7. Neutralise the solution with 1 mol/l hydrochloric acid from pink to colourless. 8. Add 20 ml sodium periodate solution and close the flask. 9. Let the solution react 15 minutes in the dark. 10. Then add 20 ml potassium iodide solution. 11. Acidify with 50 ml 10 % hydrochloric acid solution. 12. Titrate the brown coloured solution with 0.1 mol/l sodium thiosulfate to light yellow. 13. Add some drops of starch solution (colour change to dark blue). 14. Continue titrating with 0.1 mol/l thiosulfate solution to colourless. = consumption bath sample (ml) 15. The stability of the used chemicals is limited. Therefore check activity and efficiency of the chemicals with the same procedure as described above. Instead of the bath sample add 55 ml water. = blank value (ml) |
| calculation: | (blank value in ml – consumption bath sample in ml) · 15.2 = g/l SurTec 404 |
Ingredients
- complexing agents
- alkali hydroxide
- reducing agent
Stock Keeping
The consumption depends heavily on the drag-out. To determine the exact amounts of drag-out, see SurTec Technical Letter 11. The following value per m² can be taken as estimated average consumption:
SurTec 404 frostAL approx. 20 g In order to prevent delays in the production process, per 1000 l bath the following amount should be kept in stock:SurTec 404 frostAL 50 kg
Product Safety and Ecology
The safety instructions and the instructions for environmental protection have to be followed in order to avoid hazards for people and environment. The Material Safety Data Sheets (according to European legislation) contain explicit details for this.
The following hazard designations and classifications into water hazard classes (WHC) have to be taken into account:
product – SurTec 404
hazard designation
water hazard class – WHC 1
Product Label
